官方科普：XNOR 比较器与多路复用器电路Official explainer: XNOR comparator and multiplexer circuits
TapeOut 官方连续科普两种基础电路：判断两个 1 位数字是否相等用 XNOR，4 个 NAND 实现 XOR，再加 1 个门反相，共 5 个门；比较多位数字时对每一位做同样操作，再把结果全部 AND 起来。多路复用器（MUX）根据控制信号从两路输入中选一路输出：反相控制信号 1 个门、与输入 a 做 NAND 1 个门、控制信号与输入 b 做 NAND 1 个门、再把两条路径 NAND 合并 1 个门，共 4 个门，官方称处理器里的每个「选择」都来自这一结构。TapeOut's official account explains two building-block circuits: equality of two 1-bit numbers is XNOR — 4 NANDs for XOR plus 1 to invert, 5 gates total; multi-bit comparison repeats this per bit then ANDs all results. A multiplexer picks one of two inputs based on a control signal: invert the control, NAND it with input a, NAND the control with input b, then NAND both paths together — 4 gates, the source of every 'choice' inside a processor.
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- @TapeOutWorld
A multiplexer does one thing, it picks one of two inputs to output based on a control signal Invert the control signal, 1 gate NAND a with the inverted control, 1 gate NAND b with the control, 1 gate NAND the two paths together, 1 gate 4 gates, every "choice" inside a processor comes from this
- @TapeOutWorld
Checking whether two 1 bit numbers are equal is XNOR 4 NANDs for XOR 1 more to invert it 5 gates total To compare multi bit numbers, do this for every bit, then AND them all together Under every if inside a processor, there are gates like these